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As more pressure is put on pesticide usage, applicators must look to an IPM program when dealing with unwanted vegetation. We may need to divide areas into different categories as far as what is acceptable and not acceptable. We need to be able to count or measure plant populations in order to decide the solution required. Monitoring of vegetation will be discussed. Thresholds will be defined and discussed. A look at various control measures will be examined included guidelines for selecting appropriate herbicides.

Learning Objective Summary: Raise awareness of the "low level inversion" and the tremendous significance it has for off-target deposition. Specific Objectives/discussion topics

1. Background definition of inversion
   1. Public forecast and inversion
   2. Aviation forecast and inversion
   3. Applicator's Forecast And inversion
2. Give some theoretical context to dilution through dissipation by vertical development
3. Discuss relationship of dilution through dissipation in context of global circulation patterns.
4. Discuss the factor of pesticide fate in relation to global circulation and changing global values regarding air quality
5. Discuss factors unique to the applicator's role
   1. Adverse effect depends on dilution
   2. . Low elevation inversion
   3. "drift free" nozzle myth
6. Case study of actual morning inversion
   1. Photo study
   2. Map study
   3. Geography analysis
7. Case study of actual evening inversion
   1. Photo study
   2. Map study
   3. Geography analysis
8. Discuss air mass characteristics as related to above studies and nocturnal transition.
9. Present 4 strategies for minimizing inversion problems.

Definition of IPM and a discussion on the principles of IPM: Pest identification; Monitoring; Threshold levels; Control measures and Evaluation. An example will be used to illustrate the principles.

This webinar looks at the importance of accurate measurement. From calculating area size for the pesticide application to accurate measurement of tank sizes and pesticide rates. One of the reasons for pesticide resistance can be improper applying chemicals at reduced rates without even being aware you are doing so. Sprayer tanks and measuring equipment need to be checked and rechecked to ensure proper rates are being applied. On the other side overapplication is expensive and wasteful. Join Tim as he shows you the problem and ways to do accurate measurement.

New technology in the area of pesticides are called nanopesticides. Nano means very small, minute or one billionth. This webinar looks at the definition of nanopesticides and there use in an IPM program and pesticide application. What makes them work better than conventional pesticides will be discussed. Different types of nanopesticides are discussed in the presentation and their potential uses. Advantages and disadvantages of nanopesticides are examined. How will nanopesticides be applied and in what form will be examined. As pesticide applicators, we need to prepare ourselves for new technologies and nanopesticides are one of these new technologies that pesticide applicators should be aware of and prepared for.

Spray drift is an applicator's worst nightmare. It is a leading cause of complaints for sprayer applicators. In the last few years, nozzle manufactures have developed different types of nozzles to help reduce drift. This web cast seminar looks at different types of nozzles and how they work. Also examined are other ways to reduce drift besides nozzle selection.

Reading legislation can be complicated and many times difficult to understand. Tim Garner, in this one hour web cast seminar, developed a number of questions to ask yourself around water. The answers to these questions will help you determine what is an open body of water in Alberta, and depending on the plants you are growing and pesticides you plan on using, whether you require a permit or not.

Learning Objective Summary: Raise awareness of the emerging "Selective-Application" technology and the tremendous significance and influence that recent technological advances may exert on the entire industry. Specific Objectives/discussion topics

1. Background of Selective Application
   1. Define selective application
   2. Draw attention to distinction(s) between selective and non-selective application
   3. Introduce National Research Council research that identified the role that "market foresight" has played in the potential success of Alberta companies.
2. Give some historical context to selective application
3. Discuss technical, environmental, economic and social factors that favour selective application over general broadcast.
4. Discuss the factors that have historically limited the usefulness of selective application.
5. highlight the role that mechanization of selective application has traditionally played in solving meteorological challenges and public acceptance challenges
6. Introduce the three new game changers to Selective application
   1. Pulse Width Modulation nozzle technology
   2. Artificial Intelligence nozzle control technologies
   3. Internet-of-Things connectivity technologies
7. Discuss a brief technological overview of the significance of the above 3
8. Discuss a future vision for the blending of the above 3 "game-changers" with other new emerging vegetation control technologies (steam, microwave, and laser)
9. Discuss the implications of the "game-changers" at the level of
   1. Individual applicator and application services b. Crop protection industry as a whole
   2. Societal influence and macroeconomics
10. Brief discussion of the ethics of "cloud-based" technology of the "game-changers"
11. Revisit the N.R.C. research that shows the importance to Alberta Companies of Market Foresight" Evaluation: Eight True/False and Multiple-choice questions drawn from the above points.